This is part 7 of my series on Cellular-Internet of Things (CIoT) and NB-IoT. So far I always thought things above layer 2 were simple. There’s IP and that’s it then. But recently I came across an interesting paper by Rhode & Schwarz that suggests that this might not necessarily be the case.
The Internet of Things (IoT) that some are also calling the “Internet of Targets” is currently one of the hot topics in wireless. One flavor of IoT is Cellular-IoT for devices that for some reason can’t be connected to a local area network and only infrequently transmit small amounts of data.
In the previous post on the topic, I’ve been looking at how 3GPP has studied and then extended the LTE and 5G NR air interface so it can be used over a satellite link. For transmitting data to and from smartphones with omnidirectional antennas over satellites, 3GPP has extended the LTE Narrowband Internet of Things … Continue reading NTN Part 2 – NB-IoT over Satellite
Back in 2016 and 2017 I had quite a number of articles on NB-IoT, the Narrow Band Internet of Things technology that can run alongside LTE to connect things to the Internet over the cellular network. From being very power efficient to run over years on batteries to increased in-house coverage, the standard contains a … Continue reading NB-IoT From Theory To Practice
With hundreds of thousands of IoT devices in mobile networks it seems that every now and then, bad behavior in failure scenarios on the application level leads to, well lets say, interesting behaviors on the network layer. While most network operators keep such incidents to themselves, Annex A of GSMA TS.34 (IoT Connectivity Guidelines about … Continue reading IoT Failures With Network Impact
Back in April I wrote a post about a breakthrough Arduino board with a Sigfox chip bundled with a 2 year network subscription. It has since arrived and a number of posts about how it performs in practice will come soon. In the initial post I wrote that in my opinion that’s where 3GPP network … Continue reading An NB-IoT Shield That Includes A 1 Year T-Mobile NL Subscription
In an earlier post I had a a look at the different options for Cellular IoT (NB-IoT) when it comes to connectivity. One of the options is to use the cellular control plane to forward the raw data without wrapping it into IP data packets (NIDD, Non-IP data delivery). At the time I wondered a … Continue reading Does an IoT device need an IP address?
I’m probably one of the few people on this planet who appreciates and uses IPv6 both over my DSL connection at home and also over my cellular connection. Unfortunately there is one thing missing on the mobile side: Unrestricted incoming IPv6 access.
In part 1 of this series, I’ve taken a high level look at how the LTE and 5G air interface specifications have been extended in 3GPP Release 17 to accommodate for weaker signals, longer delays and patchy coverage typically experienced over satellite. In part 2, I’ve chased the question why the LTE NB-IoT and CAT-M … Continue reading NTN – Part 3 – 3GPP Rel. 17 – System Architecture for Satellite Services
Since 2018, I’ve been working in the area of putting 5G into practice. Back then, early versions of the 3GPP Release 15 specification had become available and equipment vendors started shipping first hardware and software. The standards were not developed overnight, however, but were preceded by visions, ideas, studies, and trials by at least half … Continue reading My 6G-Kickoff